Researchers at UW Medicine have discovered that a hormone called leptin could help people with Type 1 diabetes control blood sugar — even without insulin. While leptin is best known for regulating appetite, new research suggests it may also prevent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a dangerous condition caused by high blood sugar and ketone buildup.
In lab tests, diabetic mice and rats with little or no insulin received leptin. Within days, their blood sugar and ketone levels normalized and stayed stable. Scientists say that low leptin levels can mislead the brain into thinking the body is starving, which triggers more sugar production. Giving leptin appears to stop that response.
The findings suggest the brain may play a bigger role in diabetes than previously thought. Researchers are now seeking FDA approval to begin human trials. If successful, leptin therapy could reduce dependence on insulin and offer a new treatment option for millions with Type 1 diabetes.
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