A new study reveals why smokers face worse outcomes with pancreatic cancer. Chemicals from cigarettes cause immune cells to release a protein called interleukin-22, which helps tumors grow faster and spread more easily. This may explain why pancreatic cancer, already one of the most dangerous cancers, progresses even more rapidly in smokers.
The research also found that smoking increases the number of immune cells called Tregs. These cells suppress the body’s natural defenses and help cancer take hold. In lab tests, removing Tregs in mice caused tumors to shrink. This points to a potential treatment path that targets the immune system instead of just the tumor.
Scientists say this immune response could lead to more personalized care. Smokers with pancreatic cancer may need different therapies or closer monitoring, especially since their immune systems may already be helping the cancer grow rather than fight it.
Quitting smoking is still the most important step to reduce risk. But for those already affected, these findings suggest that earlier screening and immune-focused treatment options could help improve survival.
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